eed ongoing access to medical care,  defense lawyer Frank Perez said in a sentencing memo.

A photo of ormer Sinaloa Cartel leader Ismael  El Mayo  Zambada being detained by federal agents is displayed next to a Beechcraft King Air aircraft in Santa Teresa, New Mexico, July 9, 2026. Paul Ratje/REUTERS

Federal prosecutors asked Judge Brian M. Cogan to consider  the serious ongoing security risks  Zambada poses, arguing that some facilities  may not be appropriate for the security concerns posed. 

Judges often make recommendations about where inmates should serve time, but it's up to the federal Bureau of Prisons to decide.

Zambada  was one of the most-if not the most-prolific and powerful narcotraffickers in the world,  prosecutors said in a sentencing memo.  It would be difficult to overstate the magnitude  of his crimes and the scale of the  corruption, violence, and other harm he spread throughout Mexico, the United States, and the world. 

Along with a life sentence, he also faces $15 billion in financial penalties, which prosecutors said reflected proceeds from the cartel's crimes under his leadership.

Zambada pleaded guilty to charges of engaging in a continuing criminal enterprise and racketeering conspiracy, acknowledging culpability for 85 underlying crimes. From 1980 until last year, he and his cartel were responsible for transporting at least 1.5 million kilograms of cocaine,  most of which went to the United States,  he said upon pleading guilty.

He acknowledged the scope of the Sinaloa operation, including underlings who built relationships with cocaine producers in Colombia, oversaw importing cocaine to Mexico by boat and plane and smuggling the drug across the U.S.-Mexico border. He said the cartel raked in hundreds of millions of dollars a year and admitted that people working for him paid hefty bribes to Mexican officials  so they could operate freely. 

 Systematic assassinations 

Months before his arrest, prosecutors said, Zambada ordered the murder of his nephew Eliseo Imperial Castro, also known as  Cheyo Antrax,  after learning that Castro was claiming to be collecting debts for Zambada and pocketing the money without Zambada's permission.

In 2023, at least three people were killed in retaliatory violence that Zambada directed after a large cache of fentanyl pills, methamphetamine and cocaine was stolen from the cartel, prosecutors said.

According to U.S. prosecutors, Zambada also engaged in  systematic assassinations  of fellow cartel members, police and the military.

In 2010, he gave a rare interview to the Mexican magazine Proceso, revealing that the Mexican army had come close to capturing him four times.

Known as the  man in the hat,  Zambada said he feared jail more than death, and his arrest or murder would not change Mexico's drug trafficking landscape.

Zambada's arrest came after, according to his lawyer, he was beaten, tied up, abducted and driven to a private plane by one of Guzmán's sons, Joaquín Guzmán López. Their arrests touched off deadly fighting in Sinaloa that pitted Zambada's loyalists against backers of Guzmán's sons, dubbed the Chapitos, or  little Chapos.  According to an indictment by the U.S. Justice Department, the Chapitos and their cartel associates have used corkscrews, electrocution and hot chiles to torture their rivals while some of their victims were  fed dead or alive to tigers. 

In arguing to have Zambada sent to a prison hospital, Perez sought to contrast Zambada's guilty plea and Guzmán's decision to go to trial - an 11-week ordeal that involved closing down the Brooklyn Bridge to shuttle him to and from court and jail.

 Mr. Zambada's unequivocal acceptance of responsibility has been a defining feature of his conduct since his involuntary arrival in the United States,  Perez wrote.

 For Mr. Zambada to end up not only with the same life sentence as Mr. Guzman, but also in the same draconian Supermax prison, would fail to account in any way for the fact that he took the right path in resolving the charges against him,  Perez argued.

Earlier this month, Mexico said it was investigating whether its sovereignty was violated by the U.S. when Zambada was captured after the FBI displayed in an exhibition the plane used to bring Zambada to the U.S. The U.S. Embassy in Mexico had previously said no U.S. agency had participated in the operation, Mexican government secretary Rosa Icela Rodriguez said.

 The versions are contradictory. Someone lied,  she said.